Army and spent some six months at a training camp in Massachusetts. In July 1918, Cummings was drafted into the U.S. Only outraged protests from his father finally secured Cummings’ release in December of 1917 Brown was not released until April of the following year. Cummings and Brown were housed in a large, one-room holding area along with other suspicious foreigners. Such activities led in September of 1917 to their being held on suspicion of treason and sent to an internment camp in Normandy for questioning. They also befriended soldiers in nearby units. To relieve the boredom of their assignment, they inserted veiled and provocative comments into their letters back home, trying to outwit and baffle the French censors. He was soon stationed on the French-German border with fellow American William Slater Brown, and the two young men became fast friends. Ambulance work was a popular choice with those who, like Cummings, considered themselves to be pacifists. In April of 1917, with the First World War raging in Europe and the United States just becoming involved, he volunteered for the Norton-Harjes Ambulance Service in France. Cummings also experimented with poems as visual objects on the page. He began to write avant-garde poems in which conventional punctuation and syntax were ignored in favor of a dynamic use of language. By the time he was in Harvard in 1916, modern poetry had caught his interest. Between the ages of eight and twenty-two, he wrote a poem a day, exploring many traditional poetic forms. Three are among the great love poems of our time or any time.” Malcolm Cowley admitted in the Yale Review that Cummings “suffers from comparison with those who built on a larger scale-Eliot, Aiken, Crane, Auden among others-but still he is unsurpassed in his special field, one of the masters.”Ĭummings decided to become a poet when he was still a child. John Logan in Modern American Poetry: Essays in Criticism called him “one of the greatest lyric poets in our language.” Stanley Edgar Hyman wrote in Standards: A Chronicle of Books for Our Time: “Cummings has written at least a dozen poems that seem to me matchless. “No one else,” Randall Jarrell claimed, “has ever made avant-garde, experimental poems so attractive to the general and the special reader.” By the time of his death in 1962 Cummings held a prominent position in 20th-century poetry. Despite their nontraditional form, Cummings’ poems came to be popular with many readers. He also revised grammatical and linguistic rules to suit his own purposes, using such words as “if,” “am,” and “because” as nouns, for example, or assigning his own private meanings to words.
Some of these words were invented by Cummings, often by combining two common words into a new synthesis. A typical Cummings poem is spare and precise, employing a few key words eccentrically placed on the page. As one of the most innovative poets of his time, Cummings experimented with poetic form and language to create a distinct personal style. Cummings earned both his BA and MA from Harvard, and his earliest poems were published in Eight Harvard Poets (1917). He attended the Cambridge Latin High School, where he studied Latin and Greek. To get an insight, summary brochures can be viewed in the following listing.Edward Estlin (E.E.) Cummings was born in Cambridge, Massachusetts. How the Summer School is integrated into the EMiLA curriculum can be seen here.Įvery Summer School is an unique common working experience and adventure. All EMiLA institutions and their students benefit from the variety of design methodologies as it leads to a continous improvement in teaching quality. Each Summer School has a specific topic, focus and way of working. In all our Summer Schools we co-operate closely with regional stakeholders and non-specialists and speak with planners and residents. The themes of the EMiLA Summer School are decided on in close consultation with the regions where pressing issues need to be worked on. In addition, selected non-European universities are invited to take part in this 5- to 10-day workshop.
25 students and their teachers from the five EMiLA institutions work in international teams on topics of European landscape architecture. In a rotation system, the five EMiLA partners take turns to organize this workshop, which is held once a year.
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